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CNC Power Requirement Calculator 2026

Calculate spindle power needed for your machining operations. Verify motor capacity, estimate current draw, and optimize cutting parameters for 17+ material types.

Power AnalysisSpindle Load17+ MaterialsCurrent Draw

Power Calculator

Enter material and cutting parameters to calculate power requirements

1Material Selection

2Material Removal Rate (MRR)

3Machine Parameters

Typical: 65-80% for belt-driven, 80-90% for direct drive

Optional - enables spindle utilization check

💡 Formula: Power (kW) = MRR (mm³/min) × Kc (N/mm²) / 60,000. Kc values are material-specific cutting forces from ISO 3685 standards.

Power Formula

P = (MRR × Kc) / 60,000

P = Power (kW)

MRR = Material Removal Rate (mm³/min)

Kc = Specific cutting force (N/mm²)

💡 Kc Values

Aluminum500-650
Mild Steel1400
Alloy Steel2000
Stainless2100-2500
Titanium1800
Inconel3000

Understanding Power Requirements

Why Power Calculation Matters

Knowing power requirements before machining prevents spindle overloads, motor damage, and production interruptions. Under-powered cuts result in poor surface finish and tool damage. Over-capacity wastes energy and machine potential.

Net vs. Gross Power

Net power is consumed at the cutting edge - the actual work done removing material. Gross power is what the motor must provide, accounting for drive train losses. A belt-driven spindle might be 70% efficient, meaning 10 kW at the cutter requires 14.3 kW at the motor.

Spindle Utilization Guidelines

Optimal (50-80%)

Best balance of productivity and machine longevity. Leaves headroom for tool wear, interrupted cuts.

Danger (95%+)

Risk of thermal protection trips, bearing damage, motor burnout. Reduce MRR immediately.

Power Optimization Tip

If power is limiting your productivity, consider: higher radial depth with lower axial depth (uses more flutes), higher feed rate with shallower cuts, or material-specific strategies like high-speed machining for aluminum.

Frequently Asked Questions

Power (kW) = MRR (mm³/min) × Kc (N/mm²) / 60,000. MRR is Material Removal Rate (axial depth × radial depth × feed rate). Kc is the specific cutting force for your material. This gives net power at the cutting edge; divide by machine efficiency (70-85%) for gross motor power.